Means for line justification



- June 22, 1937. i R. 'Ei' PARis MEANS FOR LINE JUSTIFIGATION Filed Sept. 28,*1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 22, 1937.

R. E, PARiS MEANS FOR LNE JUSTIFICATION 4 sheets-sheet :s

v`Filed Sept. 28, 1934 O .O O O O Jung 22,1937. R. E. PARIS .A

' MEANS Fon LINE-Jus'rn'curon 4` sheets-sheet '4 .tiled sept. 28.31954 FIG. 5

(los (goa (c1 Patented June 22, 1937' assist Perm" ortis y 2,034,450 rmANs ron. ma .rosrIrroATroN Robert E. Paris, New York, N. il.

Application September 2%, 1934,Serial No. '745,864

' e canne.- rci. ris-4.a

This invention relates to means for effecting line justiiication, especially or typewritten material, and is in some particulars a continuation ci my pending application Serial No. 7413598, 'filed August 28, 193i. In niv-said pending application l disclosed means for manually adjusting the copy and the lens-board ci a camera, so as to photograph typewritten matter in justified form. 'fue present invention contemplates a continuously io running, fully automatic machine wherein the copy and the film, plate, or other light sensitive photographic material, shall be automatically :ted

. as required; a cylindrical lens shall be adjusted automatically according to the length o line be l5 ing photographed; tire camera lens shall be autom matically shifted to keep the left-hand `inargin in proper alignmentin synchronisrn with tire movement oi the cylindrical lens; -tize camera shutter shall be automatically operated attire correct point in each cycle of tire machine; and.

wherein the length of the line being photographed siiad be automatically determined. and the :oecs ess-ary adjustments controlled.

it will, therefore, be seen that the priucipal object oi the invention is to provide a fully auto matic machine for efiectirig line justification from typewritten copy.

Another object is to utilize a light-sensitive cell for automatically supervising such justification. .Another object is to use an adjustable cylindrical lens for justification so as to permit ci lengthwise stretch oi" the line without eecting any vertical distortion or the same.

Other objects will appear from tl'ieoliowing 35 description, and be speciiically pointed out in the appended claims. All of these objects are attained by mechanism shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a side elevation of a preferred forni of Ilo-einborliirient or" my invention, .parts being broken away for clearness. Fig. 2 is a top planview of the same with parts removed. Fig. 3 is a perspectivadetail vievv showing the 45 feeding mechanisms for the copy 'and the photographic lm.

Fig. 4 is a detail perspective vier-7 of the cainera lens-board.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detail view of the copy- 50 holder and mask.

Fig. 6 is a detail of the light-sensitive control and the Wiring diagram therefor.

Fig. 7 is a view of a fragment of copy. Like characters of reference refer to like parts 5 5 in the several views.

Referring to the drawings in detail, lil represents tl'ie main framework of the'machine, which may be of any suitable design to support the sev eral working parts.

The body ci the camera is indicated at il and supports a feed shaft I2 rotatable in suitable bearings. The photographic film, paper, or the like, is fed irorn a-roll it, Fig. 3, over an idler roller il, upwardly behind almask Iii formed with a slot it, over a toothed feed roll il fixed to shaft lf2, and onto a. take-up or receiving roller it driven by the usual spring belt i9 from sl'lait i2. Fixed on the outer end of shaft l2 is a bereled gear 2@ meshing with and driven by a beveled gear 2i fixed to tbe upper end or a vertical shaft lil. Shaft El, Fig. i, is supported in bearings in brackets secured to the outside of the camera body il, and carries at its lower end a clutc'n member fifi which is slidable along shaft 22, but secured against rotation independently thereof. A manually operable lever 2d is'provided for raise ing and lowering clutch member 23 relative to clutch member 25 fast to the upperlend of a stub shaft which carries 'at its other end a beveled gear ill. Gear 2l meshes a gear it fixed on a crossesiiait iii. Strait i@ carries a hand wheel at one end, and a beveled gear iii at the other, and is rotatably supported in suitable bearings carried by the roain framework. Gear il meshes with a similar gear 32 fixed on one end of a shaft 33, and driven by means which will be presently set forth. rTrie train of elements from shaft to roller iii constitutes the film or photographic plate advancing means, clutch 2.3-25 being provided for use in loading the camera and/or the copy-holder, about to be described.

As shown in Figs. l, 2, and 4, the lens-board of the camera is shown at. 311, and is provided with danses 3d slidable in ways formed by cleats it supported by the main framework. Projecting from opposite sides of the lens-board Sil are pins 3l which extend into bifurcated ends of rociolevers Sii pivoted at 39 to brackets secured at opposite sides oit' the main framework. Tension springs Ml tend constantly to rock levers 38 so as to bring antiiriction rollers t! against the peripheries oi respective identical cam members Cams ilf2 are pivoted at 43 to the main framework, and may be moved by respective rods ed which are pivotally connected to cams li?. at one end, and pivoted to a frame bar d'5 at the other. The bar 5 is bent into U-shape, the legs being pivoted to the main frame at 46, Fig. 1, and the cross bar having a handle 47, Fig. 2. Secured to the ironie 45 are 'links 48 which are connected to the copy-holder (to be described), so that by manipulation of handle dl, the copy-holder and lens-board may be moved reiatively to determine the degree of enlargement, i. e., one-to-one or two-to-one, etc. .A scale@ and point-er 50, indicate the adjustment attained. (The lever 51 has, however,l nothing to do with the line justi,

cation.)

Returning now to the lens-board 34, Figli, it will be seen that it carries a slidable plate bi which carries the lens d2 of the camera. The plate 5| is pressed in one direction by springs Eil againstthe nipple Sit oi' a Bowden wire 55. When the core 5G of this Bowden wire is extnided from. the nipple 54, it slides plate 5i against the tension of springs 153, such springs later returning these parts when released.' In this manner, the lens 52 is movedto compensate for the line iustiflcation (later described), so as to keep the left inargin of all lines in proper vertical alignment on the photographic plate. The means for operating the core 5,6 will be presently set forth. Y

Referring now to Figs. l. and 2, the main framework |0 is provided with rails 51 upon which is hung a sub-frame or carriage formed of side plates 58 secured together and spaced apart by tie rods 59, and a cross-plate or motor support 60. The tie rods 55 may carry wheels 6| which travel on rails 51. Mounted on this carriage are the copy-holder, line-justifying lens, and other parts, the carriage being movable by handle 41 and links 48. Any suitable means such as nut 200 may be employed for holding the carriage and lens-board in any adjusted position. l

Thelcopy-holder generally,'consists of a frame 62 carrying a mask 63 having-a slot 54 for displaying the copy one line at a time,r the copy passing from. a roll .,65 between the mask 63 and a backer 66. The backer 66 has a short slot 61 for permitting light to pass through the copy sheet to the light-sensitive cell. The frame 62 carries brackets 68 through which pass two bars 09 which are guided `in openings in a bracket 10, and which are secured `together by a lens-carrier 1|, in which is mounted a cylindrical lens 12. The lens 12 is, of course, merely a portion of a cylinder adjusted with the axis of the cylinder perpendicular and the lens being stationed between the copy-holder and the camera lens. It may now be seen that by moving the rods i toward the cameraLlens 12 'will be removed to an equal amount from the copy, and will correspondingly lengthen the image of the line of the copy. However, the image will not be a vertical magnification of the line of copy owing to the cylindrical form of lens 12. But the horizontal enlargement will be in both directions from the lens center, and to keep the left margin in alignment, the Bowden wire 55 is provided as hereinbefore stated.

Springs 13 tendconstantly to urge bars 09 toward the camera, and thereby keep rollers 14 constantly against the peripheries of cams 15, the rollers 14 being carried by depending brackets fast to bars 89. Cams are fixed on a shaft 16 having bearings in brackets rising from side plates 5B of the carriage. Fixed on shaft 16 isa worm gear 11, operable by a worm 18 nxed to a vertical shaft 19 supported in suitable bearings carried by the carriage. Fixed to shaft 10 is a spiralgear `which is driven by a spiral gear 8| fast to the shaft oi a motor 82 fast on the board 50.

It may now be seen that when the motor 82' 16 to rotate and cams 15 willycause the lens 'i2 to travel back and forth in the absence of any preventing means. This excursion-measuring means will be presently described.

Returning now to shaft 19 which we have seen is motor driven, there is a worm 83 secured to this shaft which drives a worm gear 8f4 on a cross shaft 85 having suitable bearings in the carriage frames l58. Fixed on shaft 85 is a cam 8S, which serves two purposes. One of these purposes is to operate the camera shutter, and this it does by pressing one end of the core of the Bowden wire 81, the other end of which is connected to operate the shutter, as is well known in cameras. The

. second purpose of cam. 86 is to feed the copy 88 from the delivery roll 65 through the copy-holder proper onto the receiving spool 89, andto operate the film feed shaft 33. For this purpose, the copy is fed by a toothed roller 00, Fig. 3,

, ilxed to a shaft 9| having bearings in the carriage cam 86 has worked the shutter by wire 81, it

|0| coacts with a star wheel |02 fixed on the end of roller 50 to assure the proper line-by-line feed, and prevent overthrow.

For the purpose of measuring the excursions of the' lens 12 and the crosswise movement of the lens-carrying plate 5|, I use a light-sensitive cell. This is shown as a photo-electric cell, although with necessary variation for the type of cell, as will be understood by those skilled in such matters, a selenium cell or other light-sensitive device could be used. -Fastened to the backing pla 66 so as to be slidable horizontally there-across is a chamber |03, Figs. 2 and 6, containing a photo electric cell |04. The chamber |03 has a small slot |05 which admits light through the copy sheet 88 to the cell |04. Mounted on one oi' the bars 69 is a pin or roller |06, Fig. 2, which as the bars 69 move toward the camera cause the bell crank |01 to rotate and cause .the chamber The copy passes to storage `roll 8s 03 to move toward the centerbf board 08, thereby causing slot |05 to traverse slot 61. The chamber |03 is pressed to normal position, Fig. 2, by a spring |08, and as the lens 12 is advanced, the

chamber |03 is advanced, slot |05 traverses slot 61, and spring |08 is gradually compressed. 'Ihe slot 81 is of such length as to embrace the possible endings of lines of the copy which it is desired to justify. Any lines shorter than the extent of slot G1 will be justified only to the extent of slot 61 (as, for instance, last lines of paragraphs) When written matter on the copy 88 obstructs the light passed through aperture |05, the photoelectric cell |04 will be deenergized. .In the present high development of these cells, it is thought that even a period would cause this effect, but should such not prove the case, a

line end could be indicated by a black/block, such 75 as shown in' Fig. '1. In fact, all line ends could be so determined if desirable.

When suflicient light is permitted to play on the cell |04 to cause it to be energized, current flows to the amplifier |09, and thence to a magnet H0 holding armature H l open. But when this light is cut down so that the cell |04 is ineffective, then the armature l I I is released to complete a circuit from battery H2 through armature Hl to lead H3, over switch H4 (which is closed when the machine is'put into operation), over lead H5 to magnet H6 and back over lead H1 to the battery (or other source of power) H2. Magnet H6 controls operation of a pawl H8 which is normally held up by a suitable spring (not shown). Upon energizing magnet H6 the pawl H8 is drawn down into teeth H9 to stop the excursion of the bars 69 and lens l2. Thus the amount of enlargement necessary to effect line justificationis determined, and lens 'I2 positioned accordingly.

The Bowden wire 55 has one end secured in. a

lblock 12D, Fig. 2, with the core extended against the chamber H33. In this manner, movement of the chamber |03 effects sidewise movement of the camera lens to compensate for the justification, and keep the left margin of the image in proper vertical alignment.

If desired a black block may be printed at the end of every line, so as to insure proper operation ofthe light-sensitive cell and correct justication. Such blocks are indicated at i20 in Fig. 7.

While I have described what I. consider tc be a highly desirable embodiment of my invention, it is obvious that many changes in form could be made Without departing from the spirit of my' invention, and I, therefore, do not limit myself to the exact form herein shown and described, nor to anything less than the whole of my invention as hereinbefore set forth, and as hereinafter claimed.

I claim:

1. In a line justifying device, the combination of a camera, a copy-holder, a lens adjustably supported With relation to the copy-holder, a lineend sensing device operatively related to said copy holder for sensing the end of a line of copy supported thereby, and a device responsive to said sensing device for adjusting said lens in-accordance with the length of the line sensed.

2. In a line justifying device, the combination of a camera including a lens, a copy-holder, a

lens adjustably supported, means for adjusting both of said lenses concomitantly, a line-end sensing device operatively associated with said copy holder for sensing thee-end of a line of copy supported thereby, and means responsive to said sensing device for limiting the extent of such adjustment.

3. In a line justifying device, the combination of a camera including a lens, a copy-holder, a lens adjustably supported between the camera and copy-holder, motor driven means for adjusting both of said lenses concomitantly, a line-end sensing device operatively associated with said copy holder for sensing the end of a line of copy supported thereby, and means responsive to said device for determining the extent of such adjustment.

4. In a line justifying device, the combination of acamera including a shutter, a copy-holder,

a lens movably mounted between said camera and said copy-holder, a motor, means driven by said motor for moving said lens, a light sensitive cell for sensing the end of a line of copy supported by said copy holder, a device responsive to said cell for controlling movement of said lens, and means driven by said motor for operating said shutter in timed relation to the movement of said lens.

5. In a line justifying device, the combination of a camera including a shutter, a copy-holder, a lens movably mounted between said camera and said copy-holder, a motor, means driven by said motor for moving said lens, a light sensitive cell for sensing the end of a line of copy supported by said copy holder, a device responsive to said cell for controlling. movement of said lens, means driven by said motor for operating said shutterin timed relation to the movement of said lens, and means driven by said motor for feeding copy and photographic plate in timed relation to the operation of said shutter.

6. In a line justifying device, the combination of a camera including a lens, a copy-holder, a lens adjustably supported, line-end sensing means for sensing -the end of a line of copy to be photographed by said camera, a motor, and means driven by said motor under contol of said lineend sensing means for moving both of said lenses in timed relation for the purpose set forth.

7. A line justifying machine including a camera, a copy holder, means operatively associated with said copy holder for sensing the end of a line, a lens movably supported between said camera, and said copy holder, a motor, means driven by said motor for moving saidV lens, andan electromagnet responsive tousaid sensing device for effecting limitation of the movement of said lens by said motor driven means.

8. The combination of a camera having a shutter and a lens, a copy holder, a justifying lens adjustably supported, a copy feeding device, a plate feeding device, a motor,means driven by said motor for effecting relative movement between the camera lens and the copy holder for rectifying the left hand margin of the copy, means for operating said shutter and both feeding devices and said justifying lens in timed relation, means for sensing the end of aline of copy on said copy holder, and means controlled by said line-end sensing means for determining the amount of relative movement of said justifying lens.

ROBERT E. PARIS. 

